Literature Review On Novel Antifungal Agents By Microwave Assisted Synthesis

Pharmacology

An antifungal agents are the classes of drug that selectively eliminates fungal pathogens from a host with minimal toxicity to the host. The development of antifungal agents has lagged behind that of antibacterial agents. This is a predictable consequence of the cellular structure of the organisms involved. Bacteria are prokaryotic and hence offer numerous structural and metabolic targets that differ from those of the human host. Fungi, in contrast, are eukaryotes, and consequently most agents toxic to fungi are also toxic to the host. Furthermore, because fungi generally grow slowly and often in multicellular forms, they are more difficult to quantify than bacteria. This difficulty complicates experiments designed to evaluate the in vitro or in vivo properties of a potential antifungal agent. In 1958, the first antifungal drug was introduced is Amphotericin-B-deoxycholate. It has a broad spectrum of antifungal activity but it had some toxicities i.e. renal toxicity. In 1973 flucystein a pyrimidine derivative was introduced which is active against the species of candida and Cryptococcus. There are currently only three types of the drugs derivatives are used in the treatment of the fungal infections .

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