Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical Standardization and Phytochemical Profiling of Kamalkesaradi Yoga: An Ayurvedic Leha Kalpana Formulation for Balaatisara

Ayurveda

Background: Kamalkesaradi Yoga is a classical Ayurvedic formulation (Shastriya Yoga) documented in Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakar under Balarogadhikara for the management of Atisara (diarrhoea) in infants. Despite its traditional use, no systematic pharmacognostic or physicochemical standardization of this formulation has been previously published. Objective: To characterize the pharmacognostic properties, conduct physicochemical standardization, and establish a phytochemical profile of Kamalkesaradi Yoga prepared in Leha Kalpana (medicated linctus) form. Methods: The formulation was prepared using classical Ayurvedic guidelines incorporating Kamal Kesar (Nelumbo nucifera), Brihi (Oryza sativa — rice water), Khand (unrefined sugar), and Madhu (honey). Standardization parameters including organoleptic characters, physicochemical analysis (loss on drying, pH, ash values, water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extractives, total and reducing sugars, and total tannins) were assessed using standard API methods. Results: The formulation presented as a semisolid, dark reddish-brown, sweetish-astringent Leha with characteristic sweet odour. Physicochemical values were: Loss on drying — 12.91%, pH — 5.2, Ash value — 1.9% w/w, Water-soluble ash — 1.49% w/w, Water-soluble extractive — 69.99% w/w, Alcohol-soluble extractive — 43.83% w/w, Total sugars — 60.16%, Total tannins — 2.53%. Conclusion: The established physicochemical parameters provide reference standards for quality control, authentication, and reproducibility of Kamalkesaradi Yoga, supporting its scientific validation as an Ayurvedic anti-diarrhoeal formulation.

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