Assessment of Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients: Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG), Dietary Intake and Biochemical Markers

Clinical Nutrition

This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of 60 hemodialysis patients in Mumbai, with a focus on interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), dietary intake, and biochemical markers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire; a food recall for the days of the week (2 dialysis and 1 non-dialysis) food frequency questionnaire; and validated assessment tools: Modified Subjective Global Assessment (M-SGA) and Modified Malnutrition Inflammation Score (M-MIS). The majority of participants were from a low socioeconomic background, and 80% of them had hypertension as a comorbidity. An average IDWG% of 4.94 was noted, with participants exceeding the prescribed limits. There was a significant negative correlation between IDWG% and MUAC, between serum albumin and M-SGA, and between serum albumin and M-MIS. Intake was inadequate at 20 kcal/kg/day and 0.55 g/kg/day for energy and protein, respectively. Males had better nutrient intake and nutritional status than females. According to biochemical parameters, serum albumin levels were suboptimal in both genders, indicating a poor protein-energy status. Additionally, elevated levels of parameters such as blood urea nitrogen and creatinine suggested a poor renal clearance. These findings highlight the importance of dietary evaluation and management in hemodialysis, where combining dietary patterns, biochemical markers, and anthropometric measurements provides a comprehensive approach to patient management.

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