Rheumatoid Arthritis (Mini Review)

Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience

Autoimmune diseases result from a malfunction of the immune system, which mistakenly attacks the body's cells, tissues or organs. This inappropriate reaction leads to chronic inflammation, tissue damage and impairs normal physiological functions. More than 80 distinct autoimmune diseases have been identified, affecting almost every system in the body. Among them, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) occupies a prominent place. A chronic, systemic inflammatory condition, it mainly targets the joints, causing progressive destruction of cartilage and bone, which can lead to irreversible deformities, functional disability and various extra-articular complications, particularly cardiovascular, pulmonary and ocular. The aim of this mini-review is to summarize current management strategies for this disease, with emphasis on early diagnosis, individualized treatment approaches, and ongoing efforts to develop more effective therapies.

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