Pharmacological Evaluation of Acacetin Against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy: A Review

Pharmaceutical Science

Cardiac hypertrophy, a pathological response to prolonged stress or injury, is a critical precursor to heart failure and other severe cardiovascular conditions. Experimental models using isoproterenol (ISO), a beta-adrenergic agonist, replicate many aspects of human cardiac hypertrophy, making it valuable for studying potential therapies. Acacetin, a flavonoid derived from several medicinal plants, has gained attention for its broad pharmacological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. This review examines the therapeutic potential of acacetin in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy, exploring its molecular mechanisms and cardioprotective actions. Key findings from preclinical studies demonstrate that acacetin alleviates oxidative stress, reduces inflammation, and regulates calcium homeostasis, effectively mitigating cellular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis in cardiac cells. By targeting multiple pathways—such as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK—acacetin presents a comprehensive approach to preventing hypertrophy and promoting cardiac health. This review underscores the promise of acacetin as a potential therapeutic agent and highlights the need for clinical studies to confirm its efficacy and safety in cardiovascular disease management.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.