Minimally invasive liver surgery for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Medical

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most lethal cancer worldwide. The lack of effective biomarkers for the early detection of HCC results in unsatisfactory curative treatments. Objective To determine the minimally invasive liver surgery for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute (PKLI) Pakistan, which was performed between February 2023 to June 2024. The total number of patients in our study were 100. The number of Male patients were 72 and females were 28. For all patients, we did diagnostic tests Color Doppler Ultrasound, CT scan and AFP test . I take BMI of every patients. We also took detailed history from the patients about the signs and symptoms of HCC. For most of the patients we did RFA. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Result The current study included a total of 100 patients with HCC whose characteristics are summarized in Table 3. The frequency of male patients in our study were 72 and their percentage was 72.0. The frequency of female patients in our study were 28 and their percentage was 28.0.The frequency of HCC mass size 2 cm patients were 40, 3 cm total patients with HCC mass were 40 and 5 cm HCC mass patients were 20. HCC caused by HBV patients were 66 and its percentage were 66.0 and HCV patients were 34 in our study. The symptom of HCC in our study weight loss were not present in 45 patients and were present in 55 patients. Another symptom of HCC is Loss of appetite were not present in 63 patients and were present in 37 patients. Abdominal discomfort were not present in our study in 84 patients and were present in 16 patients. P-Value were < 0.5 in our study. Liver biopsy were not done in 2 patients and were done in 98 patients. Early detection of HCC on CT were 20 patients and ultrasound were 80 patients. In all patients color Doppler ultrasound shows hypoechoic mass with central vascularity. Treatment for HCC on RFA were 80 patients and surgical resection were done in 20 patients in our study. Conclusion We have detected Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in early stage on diagnostic test Ultrasonography and can treat HCC easily on minimally invasive procedure that patient can recover fast and with no major complication. RFA is the best choice for treatment of HCC in early stages. Ultrasonography is non-invasive painless diagnostic test for HCC and we can also do biopsy under guidance of Ultrasound. Chronic HBV is the leading cause of HCC.

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