Comparative analysis of the Green Synthesis of Silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica (neem ), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Psidium guajava, Clove buds extract and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) and their antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria

life science

Nanoparticles are the center of attraction in recent years due to their immense application in electronics along with biological sciences as antimicrobial agents. The metallic nanoparticles remarkably differ in their physical and chemical properties from their corresponding bulk form and can be used as an anti-microbial agent. Green synthesis of nanomaterials is the environmentally friendly approach and most emerging method of nanoparticle manufacture. The present work utilized leaves of Azadirachta indica (neem), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Psidium guajava, Clove buds extract, and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) for reduction of 3mM AgNO3 to silver nanoparticles and compare the antimicrobial effects. The synthesis of nanoparticles was confirmed by the change of color from a colorless to a brown-colored solution. Further characterization was done by UV-visible spectroscopy and FTIR analysis, and UV-vis spectrophotometer characterized AgNPs with a range between 450–500 nm. The cellular structure of silver nanoparticles was studied by Phase contrast which gives confirmation that silver nanoparticles are in pure form. In the FTIR study, the stretching was found to be 617.18,1521.95,1122.49 and 2337.57. Well diffusion method showed the antimicrobial effect of AgNPs on different microorganisms with the zone of inhibition of 0.7, 0.6, 0.5,1 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, 0.8,0.9, 1.2, 0.9mm for Bacillus sp.0,8,0.9,1.2,1.1mm for Streptococcus, 0.8,0.6,1.3, for Pseudomonas and 1.1,1.4,1 0.9 1.3mm for E. coli under MIC 5mg/ml Mode of action of antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles was investigated by determining leakage of reducing sugars and proteins, suggesting that AgNPs were able to destroy membrane permeability. Out of all plants screened Guava is the best-reducing agent in terms of synthesis rate. Guava-mediated AgNPs were found to be highly active against microbes based on the zone of inhibition and minimal inhibitory concentration.

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