IMPACT OF TUBERCULOSIS ON DIFFERENT BODY ORGANS AND ITS TREATMENT

pharmacy

Despite the availability of excellent treatment since the 1940s, tuberculosis, an ancient disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is nevertheless responsible for more fatalities globally each year than any other infectious disease, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Malnutrition, which weakens the host immune systems; overcrowding, which enhances the likelihood of tubercle bacilli transmission; and disruption of medical and public health services, which hampered control and treatment efforts, were the key risk factors. Although tuberculosis is a treatable disease, its odds of being cured diminish as the disease develops multidrug resistant, and the situation worsens as the disease becomes extensively drug resistant. In the initial treatment period of 6-9 months, medications are given in various combinations of first-line treatments (isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide), which comprise the core of the therapy regimen. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a critical barrier for tuberculosis treatment and control initiatives. It is critical to keep up to speed on the mechanisms and molecular bases of drug resistance evolution in Mycobacterium TB. TB has a negative impact on a variety of human organs. It affects not just the lungs, but also the heart, renal system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and joints, among other organs. This review focuses on the treatment of tuberculosis by discussing the pharmacokinetics and mode of action of antituberculosis medications, as well as the pathophysiology and impact of tuberculosis on various organs of the body (isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide).

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