PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BANANA PEEL

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Banana (Musa paradaisica), is grown worldwide and consumed as ripe fruit or used for culinary purposes. Peels form about 18-33% of the whole fruit and are a waste product. With a view to exploiting banana peel as a source of valuable components, the nutritional composition, antioxidant components were determined. The phytochemical analysis of aqueous and organic solvent extracts of banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca) reveal the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, carbohydrates, proteins, Tannins, Terpenoid, Saponins, Glycosides and Anthroquiones. The phytochemicals alkaloids, flavanoids and tannins have a very good antioxidant property while saponins and terpenoids have antimicrobial activity. The qualitative analysis of Aqueous and organic solvent extracts of banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca) reveals the presence of reducing sugar (glucose and fructose). The qualitative analysis of Amino acids in banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca) reveals the presence of tryptophan, phenylanine, tyrosine, ariginine and cysteine. The quantitative analysis of starch, Proteins were done. The proteins and carbohydrates contents were higher in Musa paradisiaca peel extracts of ethanol. The qualitative analysis of tryptophan were carried out in Musa paradisiaca peel extract and the tryptophan was found to be higher in water and ethanol extracts. The amino acid typtophan is the precursor for the formation of serotonin which plays an important role as a neurotransmitter. In the central nervous system, serotonin plays an important role as a neurotransmitter in the modulation of anger, aggression, body temperature, mood, sleep, human sexuality, appetite, and metabolism. The qualitative analysis of minerals like Iron, Phosphorous, calcium, potassium, sodium were carried out in banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca). The mineral compound was higher in the aqueous extract then the organic extracts. Potassium ions plays an important role in the muscle construction and nerve impulse transmission. Sodium ions are necessary for the regulation of body fluids and blood. Phosphorous helps to maintain normal Acid-base balance by acting as one of the body’s most important buffer. Iron is necessary to deliver oxygen through the body in the form of hemoglobin.

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