A Review On Smart Metering Enabled by the Internet of Things for Monitoring Residential Energy Consumption and Power Quality

Computer Science Engineering

This paper describes the development of a smart metering IoT-based system aimed at detecting and classifying disturbances in real time, emphasizing Power Quality and energy consumption monitoring. The system comprises ESP32 microcontroller with voltage sensorZMPT101B and SCT013 current sensor for acquiring high precision electrical signals. For detection and classification of power disturbances such as voltage sags, swells, distortions caused by harmonics, spikes, notches and transients, several signal processing methods were used, including root mean square computation and Fast Fourier Transform. The detection method meets the standards provided by the Brazilian PRODIST regarding the definition of reference threshold values for Power Quality parameters using the per-unit system. The physical model was manufactured via 3D- printing while system behavior was simulated in Proteus software environment. The prototype proved to be able to reliably monitor energy consumption with data acquisition done every ten seconds with classification accuracy rates varying between 87.1% and 94.4% depending on disturbances. As a result, a cost-effective and easily scalable solution can be created with simultaneous usage of power quality and consumption monitoring.

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