Low-Cost 3D Sensing Technologies for Human–Computer Interaction

Computer Engineering

The advancement of human-computer interaction (HCI) technology has transformed the way users engage with digital systems, particularly in large-screen interactive environments. Traditional interactive display systems such as Microsoft's Surface Hub and similar LCD/LED touch-screen solutions present significant challenges including prohibitively high hardware costs, maintenance requirements, and limited portability. This comprehensive review examines the innovative any-wall touch control system with switching filter based on 3D sensor technology, a cost-effective alternative that leverages Kinect depth sensors and projector technology to transform any flat surface into an interactive touch interface. The core contribution of this work lies in the introduction of a switching filter algorithm based on average dwell-time switching rules that optimally balances accuracy and real-time processing performance. By combining Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) subsystems with an intelligent switching mechanism, the system effectively mitigates noise disturbances inherent in depth-based sensing. This review systematically analyzes the system architecture, theoretical foundations of the switching filter design, experimental validation methodologies, and practical applications in educational and professional environments. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the proposed switching filter method achieves superior tracking precision compared to single-filter approaches while maintaining acceptable computational efficiency. The system's portability, ease of deployment, and multi-functional capabilities position it as a viable solution for interactive applications in classrooms, conference rooms, and display platforms.

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