ROLE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE: A REVIEW OF ETHNOBOTANICAL PRACTICES IN INDIA

BOTANY

India possesses a vast and diverse repository of medicinal plants that have long been integral to its healthcare system, particularly within indigenous and rural communities. Rooted in traditional knowledge systems, the use of medicinal plants has significantly contributed to sustainable healthcare by offering natural, cost-effective, and culturally relevant therapeutic options (Pushpangadan & Kumar, 2005). This review examines the ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants in India, shedding light on their pharmacological potential and their role in promoting sustainability in healthcare practices (Kala, 2005). The continued reliance on plant-based medicine is attributed to its accessibility and minimal adverse effects compared to synthetic alternatives (Sharma & Mujundar, 2003). However, challenges such as habitat destruction, overharvesting, and the need for scientific validation pose threats to the conservation and integration of traditional medicinal knowledge (Rao et al., 2004). Furthermore, there is a growing need to bridge the gap between traditional and modern healthcare systems through policy frameworks that ensure the standardization, regulation, and ethical utilization of medicinal plant resources (Bannerman, 2003). Addressing these concerns will not only facilitate the conservation of indigenous knowledge but also enhance the sustainable use of medicinal plants for future healthcare needs. This paper underscores the importance of preserving ethnobotanical heritage while advocating for environmentally responsible and scientifically validated medicinal plant applications in contemporary healthcare systems.

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