ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE VIBRATIONS BY THE USE OF A TUNED LIQUID DAMPER AND A BAFFLE WALL

CIVIL ENGINEERING

A network of very small sensor nodes is known as a wireless sensor network (WSN). Sensor nodes' processing, energy, and memory capabilities are constrained by their small size. WSN routing is complicated by the sensor nodes' limited energy and memory. Recently, clustering has increased interest in WSNs' ability to save energy. A sensor node, also known as the cluster head (CH), collects sensed data from all other sensor nodes in the cluster and acts as their representative. The load on the cluster head is greater than that of a typical sensor node, thus two types of sensor nodes are taken into consideration: the first is heterogeneous (requiring more energy than a typical sensor node), and the second is a typical sensor node. The CH should be rotated across all sensor nodes in order to balance energy consumption across the network of sensor nodes. The main source of energy consumption is the processing and communication process. The Power Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm (PEH-CA) is a suggestion made in this dissertation. Based on the sensor nodes' remaining power (energy), PEH-CA chooses CH. The network is set up in a three-tiered architecture: conventional sensor nodes are connected at the lower levels, cluster heads are located to receive data from these nodes at the middle levels, and superior nodes serve as the base station's interface at the higher levels. Long-distance data reporting to base stations in WSNs used a lot of energy, which decreased the lifetime of the network. In this research, energy heterogeneity is taken into account when choosing the cluster head in order to maximise the lifetime and stability of the network. Additionally, the cluster head's re-clustering saves energy during data reporting to the base station. The simulation findings demonstrate that, when compared to the well-known existing clustering algorithms SEP and TL-LEACH, WIoT. PEH-CA conserves more energy during data reporting. In addition, PEH-CA extends the network stability duration by 300 rounds for big areas and 2020 rounds for medium areas (compared to WIoT, TL-LEACH and SEP, respectively).

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