A Literature Review on Theory-Practice Philosophy between Emerging Learning Theories and Pedagogical Strategies in Medical and Allied Health Education

Medical and Allied Health Education

Learning theories aid educators to apply informed decisions in the structure, development and mode of learning delivery. In the field of medical and allied health education, which is considered as hard science, indeed, adherence to the principles of learning theories is observable and mandatory. Medical education is in the midst of constant transformation that will require medical educators to reassess standard teaching practices and develop innovative strategies to optimize student and resident learning. One of the leading questions today is how efficiently the identified learning theory by the educator/class and the learning strategies/ techniques implemented are complemented in the new classroom setting. This synthesis review aims to describe if the teaching and learning strategies under the new online learning environment is applicable with the emerging theories in the new online learning environment in medical education. Moreover, this review intent to describe if the teaching/learning strategies implemented in medicine and other allied health courses are considered as sufficient or needs further improvement based on the knowledge and attitude of the educator in the conduct of activities and the performance and attitude of learners towards the use of contemporary strategies. A total of ten annotated research articles were collated for this synthesis review, which is composed of four studies under experimental study design and six studies characterized as non-experimental. Learning theory and practice are dynamic, interconnected, and inseparable to each other. These two aspects shall complement and simultaneously adjust with one another to deliver effective learning.

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