Mini Review-Mariculture Status in Indonesia

Aquaculture

Mariculture is all kinds of activities related to the cultivation, management, and harvesting of marine organisms in the natural habitats where these organisms live. Marine aquaculture is an important contributor to foreign income, as most of Indonesia's marine aquaculture is exported. The obstacles faced by Indonesian marine aquaculture are divided into two, internal and external. External problems related to restrictive regulations, weakening markets, environmental degradation, and conflicts over the use of marine space. Meanwhile, internal problems are the capacity of seeds, human resources and institutions in the application of technology and management, as well as the competitiveness of the marine aquaculture business. The performance of Indonesian marine aquaculture continues to develop starting from upstream efforts to prepare production facilities and infrastructure ranging from superior seeds, medicinal feed, energy and labor, production processes, to downstream in the form of post-harvest processing and marketing. Indonesia is the world's leading producer and exporter of seaweed and grouper commodities. This is because of the advantages it has when compared to competing countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan, Malaysia, and the Philippines. Efforts to increase the value and optimize the utilization of marine catch production are by developing value-added products, both traditional and modern processed. Thus, the sustainable development of aquaculture should be based on species selection technology which should be more relevant for developing countries to increase the accessibility of seafood for people who are under economic pressure.

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