Review of Literature on Influence of Job Satisfaction, Employee Compensation, working environment on Employee Retention.

Human Resource Management

Theorized causal connections of the variable: Employees usually join the organization bringing with them their work values. As they interface with the work and the organizational environment, they find themselves challenged (or not) and 'turned on' (or alienated) by their job and organizational factors. Based on their experiences, individuals then make some deliberate choices as to the extent to which they want to get involved in their jobs and invest themselves in work. That is, based on how employees perceive their job and work environment, they could get minimally to highly involve in their jobs. There is thus, a time gap between their interfaces with the work environment and their ego-involvement in their jobs. No one completely identifies with the job or invests the self in the work before assessing what the job entails and how conducive the work environment is. When people get involved in their jobs, they spend greater amounts of time and energy at the work place. That is, the more the employees engage in work behavior because of job involvement, the greater will be their interactions with and explorations in the work environment. As employees explore their work environment, have success experiences, and gain mastery at work, they develop a sense of competence or confidence in their own competence. Because of this psychological success feeling, they are likely to get even more involved in their work in anticipation of experiencing greater successes and more mastery. In essence, job involvement will lead to a sense of competence, and greater sense of competence will lead to further job involvement or ego-investment in the job. Thus, the two variables job involvement and sense of competence will mutually reinforce each other. Not being alienated from the job (i.e. being job- involved to some extent at least) is a necessary precondition for deriving job satisfaction i.e. satisfaction from the work itself and employee retention.

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