A REVIEW ON ANTIBIOTICS: HISTORY AND PRESENT

Microbiology(Biology)

Antibiotics, which were discovered more than 90 years ago, have dramatically transformed the healthcare system and have become an essential element of contemporary medicine. The discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in 1928 marked the beginning of a golden period of natural product antibiotic discovery, which peaked in the mid-1950s. Penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was discovered in 1942, and since then, numerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been wreaking havoc. When bacteria acquire resistance to available antibiotics, antibiotic resistance occurs. Many medical advances, such as joint replacements, organ transplants, cancer therapy, and the treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis, are dependent on the ability to fight infections with antibiotics, and the emergence of AMR can cause serious health issues in such patients. According to different studies, AMR is believed to be the cause of 50,000 fatalities each year in the United States and Europe, with many more instances dying in other areas of the world. In this article, we will look at the history of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, and the societal variables that influence the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into various populations.

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