Cognitive Radio Aided Vehicular Ad- Hoc Network with Efficient Spectrum Sensing

Networking

VANET is vehicular Ad-hoc network which is used for intelligent transport system for the drivers. The ad-hoc network is used to transmit various types of message over the network. Cognitive Radio Network obtains knowledge of its operational geographical environment to manage sharing of spectrum between primary and secondary users, while VANET shares emergency safety messages among vehicles to ensure safety of users on the road. Cognitive radio network is employed in VANET to ensure the efficient use of spectrum, as well as to support VANET’s deployment. Random increase and decrease of spectrum users, unpredictable nature of VANET, high mobility, varying interference, security, packet scheduling, and priority assignment are the challenges encountered in a typical Cognitive VANET environment. The proposed model has two distinct information exchange system layouts. One is dynamic (vehicle to vehicle) and another is semi-dynamic (vehicle to Road-Side- Unit). For the vehicle-2- vehicle communication, the proposed model assumes that vehicles can communicate with each other using available wireless resources. In this paper with the help of cognitive radio mechanism, we discuss the problem that occurs when communication through high road density is higher due to high load on road, message communication get overhead due to less amount of network bandwidth to overcome this issue Cognitive Radio bandwidth is utilized for data transmission by channel sensing and messages are transmitted through Cognitive Radio channels.

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