ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE: A REVIEW

Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Background: Chlorpheniramine Maleate is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticarial. Chlorpheniramine maleate was FDA approved in the united state as a prescription-only productin 1948, and laterin 2010, it got approval as an over-the-counter medication. Design, synthesis of chlorpheniramine maleate has one asymmetric carbon atom,exists as racemic mixture of R and S forms and does not show optical rotation. It is a histamine H1 receptor ant agonist used as an anti-histamine. Method: Various analytical techniques for the quantification of chlorpheniramine maleate for bulk, pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples have been reported. Assay methods include UV-spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography, high performance thin layer chromatography. Result: Literature review reveals that methanol is the most commonly used solvent for the analysis of chlorpheniramine maleate by spectroscopic technique. For estimation of chlorpheniramine maleate by high performance liquid chromatography, methanol and acetonitrile are the commonly used organic solvents in the mobile phase and phosphate buffer or triuroacetic acid is used to maintain the pH of the mobile phase. Protein precipitation technique is used widely for extraction of the chlorpheniramine maleate from biological samples though liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction has also been reported in fewer articles. The electroanalytical techniques reported for the analysis of the drug have provided methods with lower analysis time. Conclusion: Amongst all the developed analytical methods, HPLC has been reported extensively for the quantitation for chlorpheniramine maleate.

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