Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center

HERMELYN S. MORIAL; DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS; GRACE Z. CAHILOG; MARICEL O. VISAYAN

Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center

January 2026

Vol-12, Issue-1

Paper ID: 27972

ISSN: 2395-4396

Downloads: 0

Abstract & Details

Research Area

Education

Keywords

Foundational Literacy Foundational Numeracy Key Stage 1 (Kindergarten to Grade 6) Teaching Strategies Play-Based Learning Differentiated Instruction Contextualized Materials Inclusive Education Special Education (SPED) Learner Engagement Instructional Effectiveness Professional Development Philippine Basic Education Mixed-Methods Research

Abstract

This study, entitled “Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center”, examines the instructional approaches employed by Kindergarten to Grade 3 teachers in developing pupils’ essential early learning competencies. The primary objective is to identify effective teaching strategies that enhance literacy and numeracy foundations while exploring the challenges educators encounter in diverse classroom contexts, including special education settings. A mixed-methods design was utilized, combining quantitative data from standardized literacy and numeracy assessments with qualitative insights from classroom observations, teacher interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative findings revealed significant improvements in reading fluency, comprehension, and basic arithmetic skills among pupils exposed to interactive, play-based, and differentiated strategies. Qualitative results underscored the importance of contextualized materials, teacher creativity, and supportive classroom environments in sustaining learner engagement, particularly for children with special needs. Reflection on the findings highlights that while structured instructional strategies yield measurable academic gains, the adaptability, resourcefulness, and well-being of teachers remain central to sustaining effective practice. The study concludes that empowering Key Stage 1 educators through continuous professional development, resource support, and collaborative learning communities is vital for strengthening foundational literacy and numeracy skills, thereby ensuring pupils’ readiness for higher-level academic demands and fostering inclusive educational excellence.

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Author Information

#	Name	Institute / Affiliation
1	HERMELYN S. MORIAL	NORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
2	DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS	NORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
3	GRACE Z. CAHILOG	NORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY
4	MARICEL O. VISAYAN	NORTH EASTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

How to Cite

Use the following formats to cite this article in your research.

APA Style

MORIAL, HERMELYN S., EVIOTA-SOLIS, DEWANIE, CAHILOG, GRACE Z., & VISAYAN, MARICEL O. (2026). Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(1), 437-444.

MLA Style

MORIAL, HERMELYN S., et al. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 1, 2026, pp. 437-444.

IEEE Style

HERMELYN S. MORIAL, DEWANIE EVIOTA-SOLIS, GRACE Z. CAHILOG, and MARICEL O. VISAYAN, "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center," International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 437-444, 2026.

Vancouver Style

MORIAL HERMELYN S., EVIOTA-SOLIS DEWANIE, CAHILOG GRACE Z., VISAYAN MARICEL O.. Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education. 2026;12(1):437-444.

Harvard Style

MORIAL, HERMELYN S., EVIOTA-SOLIS, DEWANIE, CAHILOG, GRACE Z., & VISAYAN, MARICEL O. (2026) 'Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center', International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, 12(1), pp. 437-444.

Chicago Style

MORIAL, HERMELYN S., et al. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education 12, no. 1 (2026): 437-444.

Turabian Style

MORIAL, HERMELYN S., et al. "Teaching Strategies of Key Stage 1 Teachers for Strengthening Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Mariano Espina Memorial Central Elementary School and SPED Center." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education 12, no. 1 (2026): 437-444.