Waste Agricultural Biomass as a Renewable and Sustainable Source of Energy

Mechanical

Growing concern about the feasibility of generating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning fossil fuels has had a significant impact on climate change worldwide, which has raised interest in renewable energy sources and alternative energy-producing technologies. The increasing energy demand and environmental concerns have driven the search for sustainable and renewable source of energy to reduce the dependency on fossil fuel. Agricultural waste, a major by-product of farming activities are simply burnt in some region of India, presents a promising alternative as a bioenergy source. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the processes involved in converting agricultural residues into biomass fuels, their physicochemical characteristics, and their potential utilization in compression ignition (CI) engines. The paper discusses the technological, environmental, and economic perspectives of agricultural waste-to-energy pathways and reviews recent studies on the performance, emission characteristics, and challenges of using bio-oil, biodiesel, and biogas in diesel engines.

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