review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis

G.M. Anu Radhaa

review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis

June 2025

Vol-11, Issue-3

Paper ID: 26953

ISSN: 2395-4396

Downloads: 0

Abstract & Details

Research Area

nursing

Keywords

pulmonary sarcoidosis lung multiple organs chest radiography cough dyspnea exercise limitation asymptomatic abnormalities immunosuppressive cytotoxic immumodulatoru corticosteroids lung transplantation medical therapy

Abstract

Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characteristically involves multiple organs. However, pulmonary manifestations typically dominate. Chest radiographs are abnormal in 85 to 95% of patients. Abnormalities in pulmonary function tests are common and may be associated with cough, dyspnea, and exercise limitation. However, one third or more of patients are asymptomatic, with incidental abnormalities on chest radiographs. The clinical course and expression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are variable. Spontaneous remissions occur in nearly two thirds of patients. The course is chronic in up to 30% of patients. Chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis may result in progressive (sometimes life-threatening) loss of lung function. Fatalities ascribed to sarcoidosis occur in 1 to 4% of patients. Although the impact of treatment is controversial, corticosteroids may be highly effective in some patients. Immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, or Immunomodulatory agents are reserved for adverse effects from corticosteroids. Lung transplantation is a viable option for patients with life-threatening failing medical therapy

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Author Information

#	Name	Institute / Affiliation
1	G.M. Anu Radhaa	Sree Balagi College Of Nursing

How to Cite

Use the following formats to cite this article in your research.

APA Style

Radhaa, G.M. Anu (2025). review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(3), 4050-4054.

MLA Style

Radhaa, G.M. Anu. "review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 3, 2025, pp. 4050-4054.

IEEE Style

G.M. Anu Radhaa, "review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis," International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 4050-4054, 2025.

Vancouver Style

Radhaa G.M. Anu. review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education. 2025;11(3):4050-4054.

Harvard Style

Radhaa, G.M. Anu (2025) 'review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis', International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education, 11(3), pp. 4050-4054.

Chicago Style

Radhaa, G.M. Anu. "review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 3 (2025): 4050-4054.

Turabian Style

Radhaa, G.M. Anu. "review article on pulmonary sarcoidosis." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas In Education 11, no. 3 (2025): 4050-4054.