Parental Disciplinary Practices and Behavioural Adjustment Among Primary School Children

Education

This study examines the impact of parental disciplinary practices on the behavioral adjustment of primary school children in Makindye Division, Kampala Capital City Authority. The primary objective was to analyze how different disciplinary approaches influence children's emotional, psychological, and social development. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing secondary data sources, including academic studies, government reports, and literature on child discipline and behavioral adjustment. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns, contradictions, and varying perspectives on disciplinary methods and their effects on children's behavior. Findings revealed that disciplinary practices in Makindye Division vary widely, with both supportive and punitive approaches being used. Despite legal restrictions, corporal punishment remains prevalent, often leading to negative behavioral outcomes such as aggression, defiance, and anxiety. Conversely, positive reinforcement and reasoning were associated with better emotional regulation, self-discipline, and improved social interactions. The study also highlighted gaps in awareness and enforcement of child protection policies, as well as the influence of cultural and socio-economic factors in shaping disciplinary methods. Based on these findings, the study concludes that while discipline is essential for child development, punitive measures may have long-term negative effects on behavioral adjustment. Instead, promoting positive discipline strategies can foster resilience and adaptive behaviour in children. The study recommends increased parental education on alternative disciplinary methods, stricter enforcement of child protection laws, and the integration of positive parenting programs into schools and community initiatives. These measures can help create a supportive environment for children's holistic development, benefiting parents, educators, and policymakers in fostering effective and non-harmful disciplinary approaches.

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