Early diagnosis of Hepatitis B

Medical

Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects about 296 million people worldwide and is the leading etiology of cirrhosis and liver cancer globally. Chronic hepatitis B has become a serious public health concern in China. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or NAFLD, is one of the main causes of cirrhosis worldwide. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found that advanced fibrosis was present in up to 10.3% of NAFLD patients. These results imply that considerable fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis can be evaluated using real-time shear wave elastography (SWE). Objective To determine the early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mardan Medical Complex, which was performed between January 2022 and october 2024, The total number of patients in our study was 100. In 100 consecutive patients who underwent Ultrasound (SWE) before their scheduled liver biopsy (48 men, 52 women). We used Michael Mindray ultrasound machine and its frequency was C6-1. The stages of liver fibrosis according to the METAVIR classification system. Data was analysed on SPSS version 27. Results According to our study total patients were 100, Distribution of patients according to gender was (48 were males and 52 were females). Distribution of patients according to mean age (out of 100 patients, 44.8983 were males and 48.9492 were females). MEAN±SD of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 91.6±113.14 u/L, MEAN±SD of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was 73.23±82.75 u/L, MEAN±SD of Alkaline phosphate (ALP) was 302.46±989.9 u/L, MEAN±SD of Total Bilirubin (TBIL) was 54.03±204.98 umol/L, MEAN±SD of bilirubin test (DBIL) was 7.18±21.3 umol/L, MEAN±SD of Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was 162.80±711.1 u/L, MEAN±SD of Creatine kinase (CNE) was 4838.51±2187.2 u/L, MEAN±SD of Blood nitrogen urea (BUN) was 42.59±32.5 mmol/L,Distribution of patients on the basis of hepatitis B (n=100) In male patients the frequency was 35 with a percentage 78.0 and in female it was 44 with a percentage of 84.7. Hepatitis B was not found in 13 male with a percentage of 22.0 and it was not found in eight female patient with a percentage 15.3. P-value of stages of Liver fibrosis with respect to gender is 0.005. Conclusion Our result concluded that fibrosis stage F3 patients are more in our study (Heaptitis B). Liver fibrosis is more common in females as compared to males. According to the age males have higher risk as compared to females. Diagnosis of HBV infection on ultrasound is an important tool for determining acute, chronic hepatitis. Ultrasound is a straightforward, quick, and repeatable technique for noninvasively assessing Hepatitis B and liver fibrosis. Benefits include its low cost and global availability.

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