WATER EROSION RISK EVALUATION BY CARTOGRAPHIC APPROACH IN AMBOHITSARA – FARAVOHITRA-MADAGASCAR

Sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement

Water erosion of soils is not just soil that goes into the waterway. This takes with it many other elements that can deteriorate the quality of the water. It brings many environmental and socio-economic disadvantages. It is therefore necessary to establish a detailed assessment of this process before any development. These areas are already eroded by erosion. In addition, the activities out by the local population and the bushfire only further accelerate the erosion in this part. Based on the results of the empirical estimate study, the soil loss in the Ambohitsara-Faravohitra area is ranked among the most alarming. The use of the USLE model leads to more reliable results which can provide invaluable help, at very low costs, to decision-makers and land planners, with the aim of assessing the evolution and consequently targeting the priority areas which require actions conservation and erosion control. The results obtained, in the form of an erosion risk map, show that the study area has soil losses that vary from 0 to 300 t / ha / year with an average annual loss of 34.57 t / ha / year, so erosion is classified among the very strong in Madagascar. In order to spatially and quantitatively estimate the disguises of soil erosion in order to cope with this phenomenon and provide the best strategies for land control, conservation and development; the universal soil loss equation USLE was used, coupled with a GIS.The spatialization and quantification of erosion were carried out in the Urbain Commune of Tritriva in Betafo District, Vakinankaratra Region.

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