Optimal ecosystems for water regulation of the Mantasoa watershed

Environement and water

Climate change poses significant threats to water resources worldwide, impacting hydrological cycles and exacerbating extreme weather events. In response, Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) have emerged as effective strategies to address these challenges by integrating natural ecosystems into water management practices. This study focuses on the Mantasoa watershed in Madagascar, a region heavily affected by climate change-induced disruptions in rainfall patterns and increased erosion. By employing a multi-faceted approach encompassing field observations, hydrological analyses, and ecosystem characterization, the study aims to identify sustainable solutions for water resource management in the watershed. The research delineates the hydrological characteristics of the Mantasoa watershed, emphasizing its rugged terrain, diverse ecosystems, and reliance on Lake Mantasoa for water supply. Through meticulous analysis of rainfall data, soil erosion parameters, and land use patterns, the study quantifies the extent of erosion and identifies areas susceptible to degradation. Furthermore, it explores the potential of Nature-Based Solutions, particularly the establishment of green infrastructure, to mitigate erosion, enhance infiltration, and preserve water quality. Results highlight the pivotal role of natural forests in regulating water flows and reducing soil erosion, underscoring the importance of preserving these ecosystems amidst pressures from human activities such as bushfires and land conversion. Additionally, the study proposes the implementation of buffer zones around Lake Mantasoa to safeguard water resources and mitigate land loss. In conclusion, the study underscores the urgency of adopting holistic and sustainable approaches to water resource management in the Mantasoa watershed. It advocates for integrating Nature-Based Solutions into conservation strategies. It emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement and interdisciplinary collaboration in ensuring the long-term resilience of the watershed. By prioritizing ecosystem preservation, informed land use planning, and community involvement, the study endeavors to foster environmental sustainability and enhance water security in the face of climate change challenges

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