Nanoparticle against SARs-CoV-19: Applications for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID‐19 and future perspectives

pharmacy

The catastrophic COVID-19 pandemic, which was caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, had a significant effect on humanity and the global healthcare system. SARS-CoV-2 mostly spreads by symptomatic carriers who then enter the host cell through the ACE2 and TMPSSR2 receptors and cause organ damage. Standard diagnostic procedures and treatment approaches are not as effective as they need to be to stop SARS-CoV-2 from spreading. The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which first demonstrated human-to-human transmission in December 2019 and has infected millions of individuals in only a few months across 213 different nations, is the pathogen that causes this sickness. Its potential to spread through asymptomatic carriers has greatly strained the diagnostic resources that are now available. COVID-19 vaccines are still in the development stage, and there are currently no clinically shown treatment approaches that block the effects of this virus. Expanding testing capabilities, creating efficient medicines, and creating secure vaccinations that offer long-lasting immunity are all strategies that need to be investigated. Numerous medical applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, and antimicrobial therapy, use nanoparticles (NPs) extensively. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus with a diameter of 60– 140 nm and particle-like properties. Due to their physical similarity and ability to closely imitate the virus and bind strongly with its proteins. Therefore, NP-based approaches to combating this virus have enormous potential. NPs had previously been discovered to be powerful weapons against several viruses, particularly those belonging to the Coronaviridae family. This review will provide a one-site informative platform for researchers to explore the crucial role of nanoparticles in managing the COVID-19 curse more effectively

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