AUTONOMOUS UAV

Electronics and communication Engineering

Unmanned aerial vehicle, also known as a drone, is a type of electronic gadget. Currently, drones are widely used in many aspects of life. Their main advantages are their appropriate size and the tasks they can complete. A UAV's hardware is composed of a frame, a propulsion system, and a flight control system (FCS), in that order. The size and propulsion system of the UAV can be designed to accommodate the required payload and flying duration. GCS software, on the other hand, concentrates on the operator side and offers manual path planning and flight control of one or more vehicles. A communication protocol is needed to transmit these GCSs to the autopilots. The most used protocol, MAVLink, allows for communication with both ArduPilot and PX4. The most well-known GCS tools, including MAVProxy, Mission Planner and QGroundControl, employ this protocol. The autopilot and other flight control-related gear make up the flight control system, which is merely an embedded system. The computing unit (for example, a microcontroller) is the following element. Typically used to construct the autopilot logic for dependable and fault-tolerant flight control. The computer unit should ideally be constrained by real-time requirements. Its answer must be deterministic and occur within predetermined time limits. Generally speaking, the FCS is in charge of calculating low-level control commands, estimating the vehicle states (such as altitude, attitude, and velocity) based on sensor data, logging crucial data for post-flight analysis, and interacting with higher-level components via wired connections or other communication channels. A FCS is necessary for teleoperation in the navigation mode. This paper concludes by discussing the technological potential of these systems, how they will fit into contemporary society, as well as the risks and technical constraints they may provide.

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