Study on the Phytochemical Components of the Medicinal Plant Cardiospermum Halicacabum L.

BOTANY

Pharmacognostic and fluorescence analysis, phytochemical and antimicrobial screening against selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were performed on crude extracts from the leaf and stem of Cardiospermum helicacabum in various solvents. For phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities, acetone, alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and aqueous extracts of leaf and stem were utilized. According to phytochemical research, the leaf and stem contain a diverse range of secondary metabolites. In all five solvent extracts of leaf examined, phenol, tannins, and saponins were identified in the highest concentrations, followed by steroids, sugars, flavonoids, and terpenoids (Benzene and acetone). Similarly, phenol, tannin, and amino acids were identified in abundance in all of the stem's solvent extracts. None of the solvent extracts of the stem contained triperpenoids. All of the extracts had variable levels of inhibitory potential against all of the microorganisms that were tested. Leaf extracts in acetone and chloroform demonstrated greater inhibitory activity against Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus subtilis, respectively. Acetone extracts of the stem exhibited the most inhibitory effect on S. typhi, whereas benzene extracts of the stem had a moderate inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli.

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