Comparative Analysis of Rapid Dengue Test versus ELISA in Dengue Infection admitted in KIMS hospital

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Background Dengue fever is a benign syndrome caused by an arthropod-borne virus and is characterized by Biphasic fever, myalgia, and arthralgia, rash, leucopenia. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome are a severe, often fatal febrile disease caused by 1 of 4 dengue virus. It is characterized by increased capillary permeability, abnormalities of hemostasis and protein-losing shock syndrome. Dengue cases in India are increasing in epidemic proportions. The diagnosis of acute dengue infection is made by viral isolation and identification, viral nucleic acid detection, and serological tests for NS1 Antigen or IgM or IgG sero-conversion. The aim of this study was to compare rapid dengue test v/s ELISA test in dengue fever. Methods The present study is a comparative study between rapid dengue study and ELISA for detection of dengue fever , patients who are admitted in pediatric department included in study.Total 100 case were taken were enrolled in a structured protocol which included symptoms,sign,complication,Investigation.The diagnosis of dengue fever based on WHO criteria. All this data was recorded and entered in the predesigned semi structured questionnaires. The dengue rapid and ELISA reports were noted and the results were analyzed by Chi-square/ Fisher Exact test Results In my study When the rapid ICT test for NS1 Ag was compared with the NS1 Antigen capture ELISA it showed P<0.001**, Significant ,it showed a sensitivity of 76.27 % specificity of 58.54 % and rapid test for IgM was compared with IgM ELISA sensitivity of 54.55 % specificity of 92.85 % P<0.001**, Significant and for IgG rapid test compared with ELISA sensitivity of 70.11 % specificity of 86.78 % P=0.014*, statistically Significant, Conclusion Dengue fever is a self-limiting viral infection , accurate diagnosing and managing is very important , in our study showed rapid dengue test showed false negative for some dengue fever cases where ELISA was positive, so ELISA is better than dengue spot test and its very crucial to diagnose accurately and manage cases.

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