The Concept of Alienation in Modern Literature

Computer science

Alienation in modern literature is a central theme reflecting the fragmentation, isolation, and existential crises of the 20th century, particularly in the works of modernist writers like T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Franz Kafka, and James Joyce. It portrays the estrangement of individuals from society, identity, and even themselves, serving both as a symptom and critique of modernity. Alienation is one of the most significant themes in modern literature. It refers to a feeling of isolation, estrangement, or disconnection from society, family, work, or even oneself. The rapid social, economic, and technological changes of the modern era have contributed to individuals experiencing loneliness and a loss of identity. Modern writers often use alienated characters to explore the psychological and social challenges of contemporary life. This paper examines the concept of alienation through two important literary works: The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger and The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka

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