STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE SYNERGY OF WELL-BEING BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

ENVIRONMENTS

The relationship between urban and rural areas lies at the heart of contemporary territorial dynamics, characterized by growing interdependencies and persistent inequalities. Rural exodus and rapid urbanization are profoundly transforming social and economic structures, putting pressure on urban infrastructure and resources while weakening the fabric of rural communities. How can a synergy of well-being between rural and urban areas be achieved? In response to this question, the objectives of the study are twofold: to identify the development factors that influence population well-being, and to analyze the extent to which the urban-rural continuum affects the socio-economic development of territories. The research is guided by two central questions: What are the main determinants of population well-being, and how do territorial inequalities shape the perception and experience of well-being? How do urban-rural dynamics influence socio-economic development and territorial disparities? The study puts forward the following hypotheses: a combination of objective and subjective factors influences population well-being, and these determinants vary depending on territorial context; urban-rural dynamics, which are complex and interdependent, suggest that intermediary cities can foster rural development, but the lack of inclusive governance and the occurrence of economic and climate shocks intensify territorial inequalities. This literature review draws on current realities of well-being in relation to the urban-rural continuum, as well as the broader well-being of populations. The analysis confirms that urban-rural interactions shape development trajectories, but territorial inequalities, inadequate infrastructure, and recurring shocks continue to hinder inclusive growth, highlighting the need for context-specific policy responses.

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