Integrating Solar Energy and Green Chemistry: A Review of Current Applications, Sustainable Technologies and Role of the Indian Government

Renewable Energy

As the world faces growing environmental and energy challenges, solar energy stands out as a powerful and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This paper takes a deep dive into how solar energy is being harnessed today, the technologies driving its growth, and what the future may hold especially when viewed through the lens of green chemistry. We explore a range of solar technologies, from traditional silicon-based photovoltaic systems to innovative solutions like perovskite solar cells and solar-powered hydrogen production. Alongside the technical advancements, we highlight the importance of using environmentally friendly materials, improving recyclability, and designing systems with minimal ecological impact. Special attention is given to India's role in the global solar movement, examining government-led efforts such as the National Solar Mission and new schemes like PM Surya Ghar and the PLI initiative. Together, these developments point to a future where solar energy, supported by sustainable technologies and smart policies, can play a central role in building a cleaner, greener world.

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