Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Co-doped with Tin and Ferric Chloride for Environmental Remediation Applications

physic

Sn and Ferric chloride doped ZnO can be synthesized by the co-precipitation methods. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) has been used to study the structural properties of the nano materials which confirmed orthorhombic structure with space group Pbcn. Scherer formula are used to calculate the crystalline size of nanomaterials. William hall plots confirm tensile strain in the unit cell of the crystalline material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used to study the morphology of the prepared nanomaterials which confirm that gains are unequal in size and randomly oriented in the materials. Archimedes principle has been used to study the density of materials which observed to be increase with Fe doping. Thermo gravimetric analysis confirmed the weight loss of the materials at low temperature and materials become stable at higher temperature. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) confirmed the Ferromagnetic behavior of the material. Impedance analyzer has been used to study the dielectric and electric properties of the nanomaterials. Dielectric constant of the materials is high at low frequency and decrease at high frequency confirms the polarization loss inside the materials at value of frequency.

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