FINGERPRINT PATTERN: MINUTIAE OF DISTAL PHALANGES FROM THE TWO LOCALITIES OF TURA, MEGHALAYA

Anthropology

Fingerprint pattern is a part of dermatoglyphics which subsumed the palmar and plantar and also a very imperative constituent in the sphere of forensic anthropology and forensic science. The friction ridges are gradually formed while developing inside the mother’s intrauterine and in this pattern it has three basic parts like arch, loop and whorl; and besides, different types of fingerprints which formed are also present on the stratum corneum (outermost layer part of epidermis from the human skin) and provides unique information from various populations. Some ridge portions of the epidermis which present on our fingers are almost resemble to other fingerprints but all the fingerprint patterns are not provide precise similar information because of very distinct to each other and even though from the twins never alike between them. In fingerprint, there is an another essential facet that is minutiae and encompassed as crossover, pore, double bifurcation, fork, hook, bifurcation, dot, ridge ending, eye, delta etc., all are very imperative component in the study of fingerprint because it is needed in criminal investigation etc. In such case like victimized, crimes etc., it is very important to carry out the causes which it helps through employing of multifarious tools for the concerned department of criminals or investigators. Minutiae provides detail information on about the ridge patterns which present on the fingers and help us to investigate and to examine of each and every distal phalanges. It also provides information to detect through biometrics with the help of various ridges or minutiae which it is the corridor to access and operate that provided fingerprint sensored in some application of tools or gadgets etc. Some fingerprints are very complicated while analysing to examine from the different individuals because of occurred major traumatic accident, cicatrix, desquamation and study of this provides tremendous information through the biological variation of populations. Simple Random Sampling (SRS) is employed while studying through minutiae from the fingerprint and found the highest percentage which is Bifurcation or Fork (105) and the least part is Tribifurcation (11) but the cicatrix and desquamation also found from the distal phalange then made subtle analysed, that encompassed from male and female where those who have been inhabited in the two localities of Tura, Meghalaya.

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