LIVER ENZYMES (ALT, AST) IN THE DETECTION OF HEPATITIS HCV, HBV, AND HIV IN HEMODIALYSIS

biomedical

Background: Hepatic diseases are prevalent among hemodialysis patients, and liver function tests, specifically serum liver enzymes, play an important role in identifying and monitoring these individuals. This study aimed to find ALT reference values in a large group of hemodialysis patients who did not have hepatitis and see how well they could predict the virus in anti-HCV-positive HD patients. Methods: The study was conducted on 207 people (males: 115, females: 92) on dialysis in the center of Dr. Adel Al-Sabbah in Karbala, Iraq, and serum AST, ALT, ALP, HBsAg, HIV, and HCV values were measured. Our study included the lab tests and clinical outcomes of patients who received hemodialysis for four or three hours, two or three times a week, at the center (Dr. Adel Al-Sabbah in Karbala, Iraq), between September 6, 2021, and March 5, 2022. The collected data was analysed using SPSS version 22.0 and medical version 20.109. Results: The overall prevalence of hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients was 15.9%. The hepatitis B infection rate was 0%. There was a significant correlation between HCV infection and elevated liver enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), (AUC 0.792, P 0.001), and (AUC 0.780, P 0.001), respectively. A statistical relationship between urea and ferritin in HCV patients has not been found (AUC = 0.505, P = 0.921). Conclusion: Liver enzymes (ALT and AST) were the most indicative of hepatitis viruses. These enzymes are very low in the case of hemodialysis and are not infected with hepatitis. The hepatitis B vaccine played a major role in preventing the spread of the hepatitis B virus. The Hepatitis C virus was common in hemodialysis patients in Karbala. During the study period, no one had HIV, maybe owing to cultural beliefs and behaviors. Blood transfusions, dialysis machines, tools, and other medical equipment used in urgent and emergency care are all possible sources of infection.

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