CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN IN MAURITANIA ABOUT 12 CASES EXPERIENCE OF THE PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT THE NATIONAL ONCOLOGY CENTER

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Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a malignant hematological disorder belonging to the group of myeloproliferative syndromes; it is rare in children. The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized its management. The objective of our study is to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, biological, therapeutic, and evolutionary profile of patients followed for CML. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study spanning 12 years (2011-2023), involving children followed at the pediatric hematology-oncology department at the National Oncology Center in Nouakchott. Results: In our study, the medium age of the patients studied was 10.6 years with a sex ratio of 1. At diagnosis, 58,3% of patients were in chronic phase, % in accelerated phase, and 16,6% in blast crisis. Splenomegaly, fever, and asthenia were the most represented symptoms, and pallor was nearly constant. The medium WBC count was 153,000/mm³, platelet count 524,000/mm³. Anemia was consistently present with a medium level of 7.1 g/dl. The Philadelphia chromosome was found in 3 out of 3 tested children. Hydroxyurea was prescribed for patients in the pre-phase. Blast crisis was treated with acute leukemia protocols. Imatinib was prescribed for 10 patients with adherence difficulties. Among the 12 patients included in our study, 7 patients are alive on treatment, 3 discontinued treatment, and 2 have died.

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