Assessment of Genetic Diversity, Correlation and Principal Component Analysis of Restorer Lines of Hybrid Rice

Agriculture

Rice is the premier food crop for more than half of the world population. So achieving high-yield potential is always a dominant objective in rice breeding. This experiment was taken to study the genetic parameters like variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation, clustering and PCA analysis of thirty promising restorer lines of rice using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Both GCV and PCV, heritability and genetic advance was high for most of the quantitative parameters. Correlation and path coefficient reflected significant variation in most of the yield components. Principal Component Analysis showed that out of 21 quantitative characters only seven principal components (PCs) exhibited more than 1.00 eigen value and showed about 80.91% cumulative variability. PC1 had the highest variability (21%) followed by PC2 (16.7%). Cluster analysis grouped thirty rice cultivars in four clusters. Maximum genetic diversity was found between Cluster I and Cluster IV whereas minimum in between Cluster III and Cluster IV. Cluster III consisted of 7 cultivars showed maximum mean grain yield. The cultivars from these clusters with desirable characters may be used for parental line improvement program (R×R). According to the results obtained from the studies, it was concluded that traits like number of effective tillers, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight were useful for direct selection criteria for higher grain yield. Cultivars like LP 106R, ACI 1R, Hera 10R could be used as a source of pollen parent for developing new hybrid combinations in hybrid rice breeding programs.

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