3D estimation of Direction of Arrival using Uniform Phased Array Antenna on multi-targeting FMCW RADAR

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Multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) radar system performance benefits from the capability to simultaneously transmit and receive multiple orthogonal waveforms. For pulse radars fitting orthogonal waveforms have been developed. These waveforms are however not necessarily suitable for frequencymodulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The theory of an uniform phased array antenna is used on receiver not on classic transmitter to estimate the direction of angular. Conventional Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms, such as Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC), Root-MUSIC, and Estimating Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithms, are difficult to apply to large-scale antenna arrays. Because these algorithms not only require a lot of snapshots of the received data, but also the hardware equipment cannot meet the algorithm complexity requirements. In this article, we use double 3D-FFT to estimate the direction of arrival on the Uniform Rectangular Antenna (URA), the velocity and the distance of the target. The major benefit of the FMCW radar principle is that the bandwidth of the beat signal is generally much smaller than the signal bandwidth, relaxing sampling requirements. Combined with 3D estimation, the FMCW could have more precision on estimation of targets.

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