.ck-editor__editable,
textarea {
    min-height: 150px;
}

.datatable {
    width: 100% !important;
}

table.dataTable tbody td.select-checkbox::before,
table.dataTable tbody td.select-checkbox::after,
table.dataTable tbody th.select-checkbox::before,
table.dataTable tbody th.select-checkbox::after {
    top: 50%;
}

.dataTables_length,
.dataTables_filter,
.dt-buttons {
    margin-bottom: 0.333em;
    margin-top: .2rem;
}

.dataTables_filter {
    margin-right: .2rem;
}

.dt-buttons .btn {
    margin-left: 0.333em;
    border-radius: 0;
}

.table.datatable {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    border-collapse: collapse;
}

table.dataTable thead th {
    border-bottom: 2px solid #c8ced3;
}

.dataTables_wrapper.no-footer .dataTables_scrollBody {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #c8ced3;
}

.select2 {
    max-width: 100%;
    width: 100% !important;
}

.select2-selection__rendered {
    padding-bottom: 5px !important;
}

.has-error .invalid-feedback {
    display: block !important;
}

.btn-info,
.badge-info {
    color: white;
}

table.dataTable thead .sorting,
table.dataTable thead .sorting_asc,
table.dataTable thead .sorting_desc {
    background-image: none;
}

.sidebar .nav-item {
    cursor: pointer;
}

.btn-default {
    color: #23282c;
    background-color: #f0f3f5;
    border-color: #f0f3f5;
}

.btn-default.focus,
.btn-default:focus {
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 .2rem rgba(209, 213, 215, .5);
}

.btn-default:hover {
    color: #23282c;
    background-color: #d9e1e6;
    border-color: #d1dbe1;
}

.btn-group-xs>.btn,
.btn-xs {
    padding: 1px 5px;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    border-radius: 3px;
}

.searchable-title {
    font-weight: bold;
}

.searchable-fields {
    padding-left: 5px;
}

.searchable-link {
    padding: 0 5px 0 5px;
}

.searchable-link:hover {
    cursor: pointer;
    background: #eaeaea;
}

.select2-results__option {
    padding-left: 0px;
    padding-right: 0px;
}

.form-group .required::after {
    content: " *";
    color: red;
}

.form-check.is-invalid~.invalid-feedback {
    display: block;
}

.c-sidebar-brand .c-sidebar-brand-full:hover {
    color: inherit;
}

.custom-select.form-control-sm {
    padding: 0.25rem 1.5rem;
}

/* Board Application Styles */
.board-header-section {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #F58025;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
}

.board-title {
    color: #F58025;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: capitalize;
}

.filter-select {
    padding: 8px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #555;
    background-color: #fff;
    cursor: pointer;
    min-width: 200px;
}

.filter-select:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #F58025;
}

.board-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    padding: 20px 0;
}

.member-card {
    background: #fff !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    border-top: 4px solid #F58025;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.member-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.member-photo-wrapper {
    padding: 25px 20px;
    text-align: center;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #f9f9f9);
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.member-photo {
    width: 140px;
    height: 140px;
    max-width: calc(100% - 1rem);
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 4px solid #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    display: block;
}

.member-info-header {
    margin-top: 10px;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.member-name {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-align: center;
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.member-designation-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #FFF0E0;
    color: #F58025;
    padding: 5px 15px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 100%;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.member-details {
    padding: 20px 25px;
    flex-grow: 1;
    background-color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.detail-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.detail-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.detail-icon {
    color: #F58025;
    width: 24px;
    min-width: 24px;
    margin-right: 12px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 3px;
}

.detail-content {
    flex: 1;
    text-align: left;
    min-width: 0;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-wrap: break-word;
}

.detail-label {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    color: #999;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.detail-text {
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #444;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    word-break: break-word;
    /* Prevents overflow */
}

/* Home Page Current Issue Section Styles */
.home-issue-section {
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    padding: 60px 0;
}

.home-section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.home-section-header h2 {
    color: #2c3e50;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 2.2rem;
}

.home-section-header p {
    color: #7f8c8d;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.home-manuscript-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.home-manuscript-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    position: relative;
    border-top: 5px solid #f58025;
    /* Orange accent */
}

.home-manuscript-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-7px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.home-card-body {
    padding: 25px;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.home-card-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    line-height: 1.4;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    /* Added standard property to resolve IDE warnings */
    overflow: hidden;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    height: 4.8rem;
    word-break: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.home-card-title:hover {
    color: #f58025;
}

.home-card-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: #666;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    width: 100%;
}

.home-card-meta span {
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    flex: 1;
}

.home-card-meta i {
    color: #f58025;
    margin-right: 10px;
    width: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}

.home-card-footer {
    padding: 15px 25px;
    background-color: #fcfcfc;
    border-top: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.home-paper-id {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #888;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    background: #000000;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 2px 8px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.home-btn-view {
    padding: 6px 18px;
    background-color: #fff0e0;
    color: #f58025;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.home-btn-view:hover {
    background-color: #f58025;
    color: #fff;
    border-color: #f58025;
}

.home-btn-all {
    margin-top: 40px;
    padding: 12px 35px;
    background: #2c3e50;
    color: #fff;
    border-radius: 30px;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    display: inline-block;
    transition: background 0.3s;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.3);
}

.home-btn-all:hover {
    background: #1a252f;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    color: #fff;
}

/* Indexing Slider Section */
.indexing-slider-section {
    padding: 60px 0;
    background: #fff;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}

.slider-container {
    width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    padding: 20px 0;
}

.slider-track {
    display: flex;
    width: calc(250px * 16);
    /* 8 items * 2 (duplicated) * width */
    animation: scroll 30s linear infinite;
}

.slider-track:hover {
    animation-play-state: paused;
}

.slide {
    width: 250px;
    padding: 0 50px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.slide img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 80px;
    filter: grayscale(100%);
    opacity: 0.6;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.slide:hover img {
    filter: grayscale(0%);
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

@keyframes scroll {
    0% {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }

    100% {
        transform: translateX(calc(-250px * 8));
        /* Move by width of original 8 items */
    }
}

.bottom-grid {
    margin-top: 60px;
}

/* Manuscript & Conference Manuscript Show Page Styles */
.manuscript-header {
    background: white;
    padding: 3rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.header-content {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

.manuscript-title {
    font-size: 2.25rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.manuscript-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.meta-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.meta-icon {
    color: #f97316;
    font-size: 1.1em;
}

.action-bar {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn-download-pdf {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f97316, #ea580c);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.875rem 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.25);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.btn-download-pdf:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.3);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-cite {
    background: white;
    color: #111827;
    border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
    padding: 0.875rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-cite:hover {
    background: #f9fafb;
    border-color: #9ca3af;
    color: #111827;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Tabs Container */
.content-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem 5rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: start;
}

/* Vertical Tab Navigation */
.tab-nav {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    position: sticky;
    top: 120px;
}

.tab-link {
    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    color: #4b5563;
    background: transparent;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    text-align: left;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    width: 100%;
}

.tab-link:hover {
    background: #fff7ed;
    color: #f97316;
}

.tab-link.active {
    background: white;
    color: #f97316;
    border-color: #fed7aa;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border-left: 4px solid #f97316;
}

.tab-link i {
    width: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Tab Content Area */
.tab-content-area {
    min-height: 400px;
}

.tab-panel {
    display: none;
    animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease;
}

.tab-panel.active {
    display: block;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(10px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f3f4f6;
}

/* Author Details header: full-width line under heading + note */
.author-details-header {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
    width: 100%;
}
.author-details-title {
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
    border-bottom: none !important;
}
.author-details-note {
    color: #dc2626;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

/* Details Styling */
.info-grid {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.info-group {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.info-label {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    color: #4b5563;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.info-value {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    color: #111827;
    line-height: 1.7;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.badge-keywords {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.keyword-tag {
    background: #f3f4f6;
    padding: 0.35rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #111827;
    font-weight: 500;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

/* Author Table */
.custom-table th {
    text-align: left;
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    background: #f9fafb;
    color: #111827;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.custom-table td {
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f3f4f6;
    color: #111827;
    font-size: 1rem;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

/* Citation Styles */
.citation-block {
    background: #f9fafb;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
    color: #374151;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Similar Papers Card */
.similar-paper-card {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 12px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    background: white;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.similar-paper-card:hover {
    border-color: #f97316;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.similar-title {
    color: #1f2937;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    display: block;
    text-decoration: none;
    line-height: 1.4;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.similar-title:hover {
    color: #f97316;
}

.similar-meta {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .content-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .tab-nav {
        position: static;
        flex-direction: row;
        overflow-x: auto;
        padding-bottom: 1rem;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .tab-link {
        white-space: nowrap;
        width: auto;
        border-left: 1px solid transparent;
    }

    .tab-link.active {
        border-left: 1px solid transparent;
        border-bottom: 3px solid #f97316;
        background: transparent;
    }

    .manuscript-title {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }

    .manuscript-header {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
}

/* Conference List Styling (Used in current and past conference issues) */
.archive-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    justify-content: center;
}

.archive-card-wrapper {
    height: 100%;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.archive-card-wrapper:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.custom-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
    position: relative;
}

.archive-card-wrapper:hover .custom-card {
    box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border-color: #fed7aa;
}

.card-stripe {
    height: 6px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f97316, #ea580c);
    width: 100%;
}

.card-content {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.year-display {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #f3f4f6;
    position: absolute;
    top: 20px;
    right: 10px;
    line-height: 1;
    z-index: 1;
    opacity: 0.8;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.issue-badge {
    background-color: #fff7ed;
    color: #c2410c;
    padding: 0.35rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #ffedd5;
    display: inline-block;
    max-width: 100%;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.volume-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 4;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
    min-height: 3.1rem;
}

.issue-text {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.btn-view-custom {
    margin-top: auto;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    background-color: white;
    color: #f97316;
    border: 1px solid #f97316;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.btn-view-custom:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f97316 0%, #ea580c 100%);
    color: white;
    border-color: transparent;
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.2);
}

.page-header-custom {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
}

.page-title {
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.page-subtitle {
    color: #6b7280;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.divider-line {
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: #f97316;
    margin: 1rem auto;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.pagination-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

/* Conference Details View Styling */
.conference-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 1rem;
}

.conf-header {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    padding: 2rem;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .conf-header {
        flex-direction: row;
        align-items: start;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
}

.conf-logo {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    object-fit: contain;
    background: #f9fafb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.conf-info {
    flex: 1;
}

.conf-uni-name {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.conf-affiliation {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.conf-website {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #f97316;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.conf-meta-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #f3f4f6;
}

.conf-meta-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: #111827;
    font-weight: 500;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

/* ==============================================================
   Conference View / General Tab Styles
============================================================== */
.conf-tab-nav {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
    gap: 2rem;
    /* Increased gap for better spacing */
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f3f4f6;
    /* Lighter base border */
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
    width: 100%;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    /* Firefox */
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    /* IE/Edge */
}

.conf-tab-nav::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
    /* Chrome, Safari, Opera */
}

.conf-tab-btn {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
    /* Better vertical alignment */
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    /* Bolder titles */
    color: #9ca3af;
    /* More subtle inactive color */
    cursor: pointer;
    position: relative;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    width: auto !important;
    flex: none !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
}

.conf-tab-btn::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -2px;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 3px;
    background: #f97316;
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
}

.conf-tab-btn:hover {
    color: #6b7280;
}

.conf-tab-btn.active {
    color: #f97316;
}

.conf-tab-btn.active::after {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.text-content {
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: justify;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.action-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.action-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.action-card:hover {
    border-color: #f97316;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.action-icon {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #f97316;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.action-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.manuscript-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.manuscript-card {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.manuscript-card:hover {
    border-color: #f97316;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.card-area {
    background: #f3f4f6;
    color: #111827;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    max-width: 100%;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    white-space: normal;
}

.card-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: auto;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    width: 100%;
    padding-top: 1rem;
}

.btn-card-action {
    flex: 1 1 0px;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}

.btn-download {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f97316, #ea580c);
    color: white;
    border: none;
}

.btn-download:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.3);
    color: white;
}

/* Modal Styles */
.custom-modal {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 1000;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.custom-modal-content {
    background-color: white;
    margin: 5% auto;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    width: 90%;
    max-width: 800px;
    position: relative;
    max-height: 80vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
}

.modal-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.modal-table th {
    background: #f9fafb;
    padding: 1rem;
    text-align: left;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1f2937;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.modal-table td {
    padding: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    color: #6b7280;
}

/* ==============================================================
   Archive / Current Issue Styles 
============================================================== */

.archive-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 3rem auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem;
    align-items: start;
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .archive-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* Sidebar Styling */
.sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.sidebar-widget {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.widget-header {
    background: #f9fafb;
    padding: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    color: #1f2937;
    text-align: center;
}

.widget-header.news {
    color: #ef4444;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.widget-header.authors {
    color: #f97316;
}

.widget-content {
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.date-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #e5e7eb;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.date-label {
    color: #6b7280;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.date-value {
    color: #111827;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.btn-submit-widget {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    background: #f97316;
    color: white;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}

.btn-submit-widget:hover {
    background: #ea580c;
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.sidebar-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.sidebar-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.sidebar-list a {
    color: #4b5563;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    display: block;
    padding: 0.25rem 0;
}

.sidebar-list a:hover {
    color: #f97316;
}

/* Main Content Styling */
.archive-main-header {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.archive-main-header h1 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #1f2937;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f97316;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.archive-search-bar {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.archive-search-input {
    flex-grow: 1;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.archive-search-input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #f97316;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.1);
}

.btn-archive-search {
    background: #1f2937;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}

.btn-archive-search:hover {
    background: #111827;
}

/* Manuscripts List */
.archive-container .manuscripts-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto auto;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    align-items: center;
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border-color: #d1d5db;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .archive-container .manuscript-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .archive-container .index-number {
        display: none !important;
    }
}

.archive-container .index-number {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #d1d5db;
    width: 40px;
    text-align: center;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-title {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1f2937;
    text-decoration: none;
    line-height: 1.4;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-title:hover {
    color: #f97316;
}

.archive-container .manuscript-meta-row {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.archive-container .meta-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #f97316;
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

.archive-container .meta-text {
    color: #4b5563;
}

.archive-container .paper-stats-col {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    font-weight: 500;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-align: right;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .archive-container .paper-stats-col {
        text-align: left;
    }
}

.archive-container .manuscript-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    min-width: 140px;
}

.archive-container .btn-action {
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-cite {
    background: #f9fafb;
    border-color: #d1d5db;
    color: #1f2937;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-cite:hover {
    background: #e5e7eb;
    color: #111827;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-download {
    background: rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.1);
    color: #ea580c;
    border-color: rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.2);
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-download:hover {
    background: #f97316;
    color: white;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-details {
    background: white;
    border-color: #f97316;
    color: #f97316;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.btn-details:hover {
    background: #f97316;
    color: white;
}

.archive-container .btn-action.disabled {
    opacity: 0.5;
    cursor: not-allowed;
    background: #f3f4f6;
    color: #9ca3af;
    border-color: #e5e7eb;
}

/* ==============================================================
   Conference View Search Styles
============================================================== */
.search-bar {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.search-input {
    flex-grow: 1;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.search-input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #f97316;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.1);
}

.search-btn {
    background: #1f2937;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.search-btn:hover {
    background: #111827;
}

/* ==============================================================
   Conference View Grid Styles
============================================================== */
.card-title {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    /* Fix for long strings */
    word-break: break-all;
    /* Secondary fix for very long strings */
    hyphens: auto;
}

.card-title:hover {
    color: #f97316 !important;
}

.card-area {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #f3f4f6;
    color: #4b5563;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.card-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #4b5563;
}

.card-meta i {
    color: #f97316;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    width: 16px;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Remove gap between header and page-hero banner (e.g. dashboard welcome) */
.main-content > .page-hero:first-child {
    margin-top: -125px;
    padding-top: calc(125px + 4rem);
}